4/11/2024 0 Comments 3d comic the chaperone 110![]() The majority of anaerobic respiratory systems have similar modular cofactor-based protein architecture (as reviewed by ). For example, the facultative Gammaproteobacterial anaerobe Escherichia coli has a total of 23 respiratory enzymes ranging from reductases, hydrogenases, dehydrogenases, and oxidases conferring respiratory flexibility and diversity under anaerobic growth conditions (reviewed by ). ConclusionĮxamination of diverse prokaryotic NarJ subfamily members demonstrates that the evolution and genetic association of each member is uniquely biased by its CISM operon association.Īnaerobic respiratory enzymes found in a variety of facultative and anaerobic Bacteria and Archaea offer an organism the flexibility to survive in a wide variety of anoxic environments. Additionally a subgroup of dmsD and torD members were also linked to operons with biotin sulfoxide ( bisC) and polysulfide reductase ( nrfD) indicating a potential role in the maturation of diverse CISM. TorD was identifed within operons from either trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase ( torAC) or formate dehydrogenase ( fdhGHI), where each type of TorD had a unique motif. TorD demonstrated the greatest diversity in operon association. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that YcdY has recently evolved from DmsD and that YcdY has likely diverged into 2 subfamilies linked to Zn- dependent alkaline phosphatase ( ycdX) operons and a newly identified operon containing part of Zn-metallopeptidase FtsH complex component ( hflC) and NADH-quinone dehydrogenase ( mdaB). ![]() DmsD also showed close associations with the dimethylsulfoxide reductase ( dmsABC) operon compared to TorD. NarW appears to be found specifically in Gammaproteobacteria. This study revealed that NarJ members possessed unique motifs that distinguished Gram-negative from Gram-positive/Archaeal species and identified a strict genetic association with its nitrate reductase complex ( narGHI) operon compared to all other members. NarJ subfamily member diversity was examined at the phylum-species level and at the amino acid/nucleotide level to determine how close their genetic associations were between their respective CISM systems within phyla. The aim of this bioinformatics study was to expand upon the evolution, distribution and genetic association of these 5 REMP members within 130 genome sequenced taxonomically diverse species representing 324 Prokaryotic sequences. Many REMP family studies have focused on NarJ subfamily members from Escherichia coli: NarJ, NarW, DmsD, TorD and YcdY. Redox enzyme maturation proteins (REMPs) describe a diverse family of prokaryotic chaperones involved in the biogenesis of anaerobic complex iron sulfur molybdoenzyme (CISM) respiratory systems.
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